In 1993 the  population was estimated to be 21.7 million, so three million nomads and more then six million refugees were living just outside the country. It was not the literal figures, we can estimate it today more then 24, million population. Afghanistan is like uniledsstad potpourris of ethnic and linguistic groups. This is the result of curios ethnic groups that entered Afghanistan and eventually blamed with local population. Every ethnic group little bite his their own custom and local tradition.

1: Pashtun: They are speaking Pashto, although some residing in Kabul and can speak Dari they are Sunni Muslims, and they are more religious.  The pashtun men have all the time turban. Halve of pashtuns are living in Pakistan. Pashto nomads: Nomads are belonging to pushton group call Kochi. They are proud of their way of life style and do not like to have a life in the city. They most thing a nomad mother can say to a disobedient daughter” may you marry a town dweller” they are moving with the seasons, looking for grazing land for their herds. They Kochi men are tall and big turbans.

2: Hazaras: Hazaras mostly live in vast mountainous area, commonly known as ”Hazarajat” or ”Hazaristan” that includes southern and northern parts of the hindukush, mountain, and the ranges of mountain baba on the central plateau. Before the advent of Islam in some parts of Hazarajat populared territory Buddhism was common while in other regions Zoroastrianism was professed. Figures of Buddha while was destroy by the most criminal person and his terrorist organization, Mullah Omar (leader of the Taliban) it has had situated in central of Afghanistan in Banyan Hazarajat. While in some parts of Hazaraat ancient conical towers still testify to the fact that Zoroastrianism once flowers hid there. May some traditions stemming from those times can be traced in the beliefs of the shia Muslims. Hazaras have enough democracy in family lives. And they always have discussion with all the members of family before they are going to take discussion. Hazara women are always working shoulder by shoulder with their men; education is the most important in one modern Hazara family the father always trying to work hard then to bring economical apart unities for their children to go to school, to get better educations. Hazara men and women have their own traditional dresses like Hazaragi chap an, madrasi turban for men, and hazaragi dress for women.Hazaras have their own form and structures, like Mongol and mogul.

3: Tajiks:  tajiks are Iranian origin they can divided into two principal groups one group of tajiks who are Shiite Muslims, live mainly in the mountainous regions of badakhshan and the wakhan. They are forms who live in villages the other extreme plover to stricken. The other group of them like around major towns like Kabul and Herat and north. These tajiks are Sunni Muslims and theirs landowners among them are accepted as leaders.

4: Nuristanis: Physically, most Nuristani resemble mediterrain stock. They are very conservative known and respected for their great physical endurance.Nuristani men traditionally wear goatskin coats and leggings our a cotton short.

5: Uzbeks: they are mostly farmers and breed animals, including horses and karakul sheep. They have Turkish features.

6: Turkmen: they are living along the southern bank of Malaya.

7: Kirghiz: they are living in the narrow wakhan trip, and they are nomads of Mongoloid descent.

8: Qizilbash: or” red heads” so named because they wore red skull caps, were brought into Afghanistan by the Persian ruler Nadir shah in the 18^th century to garrison Kabul. They are shia Muslims, they implied as crafts people and clerks.

9: Kazakhs: They are living in the north of the country; the people of this tribe speak an archaic form of Turkish and often speak Persian, the man of the nomadic tribe’s wearer large, soft leather brats, a belted cloak and turbans.

10: Sayyid: they claim themselves as an Arab descent they speak form of Arabic, and Dari but there are different kind of Sayyid those who are stalling among different groups and they have call them Sayyid for that ethnic group.

11: Jews: thousand Jews were living in Afghanistan; they were living in major towns and were merchants, traders, and money lenders. Many of them eventually returned to Israel under the war in Afghanistan.

12: Hindus and Sikhs: they are from the India subcontinent has also settled in Afghanistan. They can be found in the major cities and towns.

13: Baluch and Braui: who are normally dark skinned majority of they are living in Pakistan.

We can not get democracy in Afghanistan an till we will not accept each other like brothers in the same home, and then day we can live in peace, when we will  accept each other as brothers

Written by Hamid Najafi, March 2004.